Nāʻanoʻanoʻano o nā bipi -ʻo nā hiʻohiʻona o ka momona, nā mea a me nā minuses o ka mea

ʻO kekahi o nā mea mua loa ma ka honua Ua hānaiʻia nāʻano bipi ma Simmental i Switzerland ma ke awāwa o ka muliwai Simma. Ma ke kaʻina o ke kohoʻana, ma ka waena o ke kenekulia 19, ua lilo nā holoholona i mea momona a me nā waiū momona nui, i hoʻolaha nuiʻia maʻEulopa. I Russia, ua hoʻokomoʻia nā Simmentals i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19.

Nāʻanoʻanoʻano o nā bipi - heʻano

Hoʻokumuʻia nāʻaina a pau ma nā papa'āina āpau o ka honua, no ka mea, ua hāʻawi lākou i nā mea mahiʻai i ka manawa a pau i ka waiū a me kaʻiʻo. ʻO Burenki ka mea kānalua i kaʻai a me ka lewa o kaʻike. ʻO ka weheweheʻana o nāʻano bipi o Simmental o kēia mauʻano:

1. ʻO ke kūpono maikaʻi loa -ʻike nui ka mea eʻike ai i nā kūlana maikaʻi loa.
2. ʻAiʻia kēia pipi no kaʻaiʻana i nā pali a me nā pali.
3. He mau hanana ikaika ka wāwae a me nā'ūwae, kūpono i ka abrasion.
4. ʻO kēia mau bipi a me nā mea momona. I ka wā o ka pōloliʻole, makemake lākou eʻai i nā mauʻu maloʻo, akā, e mālama ana i ka momona a me ka olakino.
5. Heʻano maluhia ko Swiss Burenki, a keʻikeʻia nei e nāʻano makuahine maikaʻi loa. Hanaʻia i loko o ia mau mea, e like me ke kānāwai, e hana me ka pilikiaʻole. ʻO ka'ōpiopio ke'ōpiopio,ʻo ke kau o ka palekana mua he 31 mahina.

Nāʻano o kaʻano Simmental

Nāʻano pōkole o ka lāhui Simmental:

1. ʻO ka momona o nā bipi he pale-momona, pale, he manawaʻeleʻele. Loaʻa kekahi mauʻulaʻulaʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo a me nā mea ulaʻula.
2. Ua hoʻoneʻeʻia kona kino kino, he iwi ikaika a māmā. He nui nā bipi,ʻo ka uluʻana o ka mea maloʻo he 136-148 cm, ke ākea ke kino, 160-165 cm ka lōʻihi.
3. He nui keʻano o nāʻano hoʻohālike me ka lae nui.
4. Nāʻohu - beige, hoʻolālā maʻamau, ka ihu - mālō mālie.
5. He kaulana kaʻohana no kona kaha kila a me nā wāwae haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka umauma kahi hohonu (67-73 cm), ākea (44-48 cm), me ke kāʻei nui a me ka poli o nā bipi.
6. Hiki i nā'ōpiopio ke helu i 550-650 kg, nā kāne - 900-1200 kg, hoʻopau lākou i ka uluʻana i 4-5 mau makahiki.

Nāʻano o nāʻano hoʻohālike o nā bipi

Hoʻohālikelike kaʻano o nā bipi i keʻano o kaʻiʻo a me ka waiū (hui pūʻia) - hāʻawiʻia ka waiū a me kaʻiʻo i nā nui nui. Me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā simimeals, ua hānaiʻia kekahi mau bipi pipi -ʻo Sadovskaya, Hungarian variegated, Bulgarian red, Slovak red-motteled, monkeybirds and fleks.

ʻO kaʻano hoʻohālike o nā bipi - nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pilikia

Hoʻomaopopo nā meaʻai i ka pua o Simmental o nā bipi i loko o kekahi mauʻano bipi no ka pono o nā hale kūʻai:

1. Hiki ke hoʻohālikelikeʻia ka hua hoʻohālikelike o ka Simmental, hāʻawiʻia ma kahiʻano likeʻole iʻelua mau kumuhana o ka hoʻokele waiwai - ka waiū a me kaʻiʻo.
2. Ka pilinaʻole i ka meaʻai o nā bipi a me nā mea makua.
3. ʻO ka holomua o ka waiū e hānai ana i nā holoholona'ōpio, e hoʻemi ana i ka uku o nā hānai keiki.
4. Hoʻoponopono hou i ka'ōnaehana punahele.
5. ʻOiʻia ka momona maikaʻi, a ua lilo i mea waiwai maikaʻi loa i ka wā e hele pū ana me nā bipi pipi.
6. ʻO ka nui o nā holoholona, ​​ko lākou lokomaikaʻi a me ke olakino maikaʻi.
7. Loaʻa ka lōʻihi o ke ola, ua loaʻa i kēlā me kēia helu kūpono maikaʻi loa no ka huahana,ʻoiai i ka pihaʻana o 12-14 makahiki.

No nā hemahema i kahi manawa eʻikeʻia ai:

1. ʻO kahi kūpono o nā lālā - ma ke kua "ʻeke elephant", a ma mua - i hoʻohuliʻia i waho.
2. ʻO ka uluʻana o ka māhele mua o ka mea.
3. Ka hope o ka'ā'ī.
4. Ua hoʻonuiʻia ka pahu ma waho.
5. I kekahi manawa,ʻikeʻia ka "mea momona".

Ka huahana o kaʻano hoʻohālike

He momona maikaʻi ka milikoa o kēiaʻano, heʻano kiʻekiʻe o ka meaola, kūpono no ka hanaʻana i nā puaʻa. Hinu pahaʻo Burenki i ka momona maikaʻi loa. Ehia mauʻano maʻamau maʻamau e hānai waiū: 3.5 - 5 tononi i kēlā me kēia makahiki, me ka maikaʻi maikaʻi - a hiki i ke 6 mau, ke hoʻopaʻaʻia 12-14 kekona. Kaona o ka momona - e pili ana i 4% (a hiki i 6%). ʻO ka hanaʻana o kekahi holoholona he 15 mau makahiki, kahi e hiki ai ke loaʻa i kahi 52 mau tonua o ka waiū me nā holo o ka lactation.

Hoʻonui pinepine nā mea ola i ke kaumaha a me keʻano kaulike, me kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1300 kg o nā bipi keiki bipi. ʻEhā ka pipi ma waena o 500 a 1000 kg. Ma ka pepehiʻana, hāʻawi kaʻohana momona i 56% o kaʻiʻo mai ko lākou kaumaha, a me nā bipi - he 65%. Hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻia ka pipi ma kona maikaʻi maikaʻi, nā mea caloric kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻonaniʻia nā lālā palupalu a me ka momona o ka momona a hiki i ka 12%.

Ka momona o nā bipi kauō

Ua lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana iā lākou iho he keiki me ka nui o ka waiwai nui i ka manawa ulu. Hoʻonuiʻia nā kaupū, 35-45 kg, hoʻonui i ko lākou kaumaha ma o nā makahiki heʻeono aʻaʻole emi mai i ka 4 mau manawa. He mea maʻalahi ka'ōpiopio - hiki i nā holoholona ke kūpono,ʻaʻole pono e hoʻokumu i kahi hiʻona e hoʻonui ai a hoʻonui i ka nānā.

No ka loaʻaʻana o kaʻiʻo, ua'ōleloʻia nā meaʻai i nā mea bipi momona Simmental. Ke holo lākou i kahi pā kula, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui i ka 1-1.1 kg i kēlā lā i kēia lā i ka nui. I ka pihaʻana o 12 mau mahina,ʻo ke kaumaha o nā bipi keiki bipi he kokoke i 400 kilokapa,ʻo ka bipi keiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki he 100 kg ka nui. ʻO nā lā hebedoma mua 8 o ka bipi keiki e hānaiʻia wale wale me nā hua puaʻa. Mai 3-6 mahina e makemake nui ka pipi i ka nui o ka meaola, no ka mea, he mea maikaʻi ka'ōpala no ka palaoa, ka nui o ka nāhelehele (i loko o ka'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo'ōmaʻomaʻo), nā mea kanu. I loko o 15-20 mau mahina o nā kāne'ōpio, i uluʻia no ka momona, a hoʻounaʻia nā bipi keiki i hoʻololiʻia i ka luku.