Hoʻokomoʻia nā Beta-blockers i lāʻau lapaʻau i hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i kekahi mau beta-adrenergic mau loaʻa. ʻO kēia mau kālā ke hāʻawi pinepineʻia i ka wā:
- ka lāʻauʻona o ke kīpalia;
- ka pono e hōʻole i ka hōʻailona o ka lono i ka lono ;
- ka mālamaʻana i ka hanu.
He aha nā mea e loaʻa ai nā beta-adrenergic receptors?
He mau mea e loaʻa ai nā hawewe Beta-adrenergic e hana ana i nā hormones adrenaline a me noradrenaline a ua māheleʻia iʻekolu mau hui:
- β1 - ka nui o ka mea i haʻiʻia ma ka puʻuwai, a me ka hoʻonāukiukiʻana o lākou ka piʻiʻana o ka ikaika a me ka pinepine o nā kū'ē'ē o ka naʻau, ke piʻi aʻe ke koko; a aia nā'anakolu β1-neʻeneʻe i loko o nā puʻupaʻa a lilo i mea loaʻa o nā mea hana lobe kokoke kokoke;
- β2 - nanea, i loaa ma bronchioles a hookui i ko lakou hoonui a me ka hoopau ana i ka bronchospasm; aia nō hoʻi kēia mau pūkewele i nā pūpū hepic, aʻo ka hoʻonāukiukiʻiaʻana e nā hormones ka mea e hoʻolaha i kaʻoki o glycogen (mālama polysaccharide) a me ka hoʻokuʻuʻiaʻana o ka glucose i loko o ke koko;
- β3 - i hoʻopaʻaʻia i loko o ke kino o ke kino, ma lalo o ka mana o nā hormones e hoʻonā i kaʻokiʻana o nā mea momona, e hoʻoulu i ka ike a hoʻonui i ka hana wela.
ʻO ka papa inoa a me ka papa inoa o nā beta-blockers
Ma muli o ka hopena o nā loea i nā beta-blockers, i ka paleʻana, ua māheleʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau iʻelua mau pūʻulu nui.
Ke koho (cardioselective) beta-blockers
ʻO ka hana a kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e koho a kuhikuhiʻia e pale aku i nā haipule β1-adrenergic (ʻaʻole e pili i nā s22-kahepona), me ka hopena o ka hopena o ke kino iʻikeʻia:
- ka emi o ka ikaika o ka kue o ka puʻuwai;
- ka hoʻonuiʻana o ka puʻuwai o ka naʻau;
- ka hoʻopauʻana i ka hoʻonaʻauao ma o ke kōpena atrio-ventricular;
- ua emi ka mana o ka naʻau.
Aia kēia pūʻulu i nā lāʻau lapaʻau:
- Atenolol (Athenoben, Pailaliʻi, Hypoten, Tenolol, a me nā mea'ē aʻe);
- Bisoprolol (Concor, Bizomor, Kerona, Bisogamma, a me nā mea'ē aʻe);
- betaxolol (Glaoks, Kerlon, Lokren, Betoptik, a pēlā aku);
- metoprolol (Vazocardin, Betaloc, Corvitol, Logimax, a pēlā aku);
- Nebivolol (Binelol, Nebilet, Nebivator);
- talinolol (Cordanum);
- esmolol (Breviblock).
ʻO nā beta-blockersʻole i koho
Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ke pale i nā β1 a me nā β2-adrenoreceptors, me ka hana kū'ēʻole, ka inaina-huhū, a me ka hana aniarrhythmic a me ka membrane. ʻO kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau ka mea e hoʻonui ai i ka leo o ke aniani, ka leo o nā arterioles, ka leo o ka pūpū, a me ka uluʻana o ke kūpikipiki paʻakikī.
Aia kēia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau:
- propranolol (Anaprilin, Propamine, Noloten, India, a me nā mea'ē aʻe);
- bopindolol (Sandinorm);
- Levobunolol (Wistagen);
- ke lolol (Korgard);
- Oxprenolol (Trazicor, Coretal);
- nā ovonol (Vistagan);
- pindolol (Vickin, Viscaldix);
- sotalol (Sotagexal, Sotalex).
- timolol (Lokomaikaʻi, Arutimol, Fotil, Glukomol, a pēlā aku).
Nā Beta-blockers o ka hanauna hou
ʻO ka hoʻomākaukauʻana o ka hou,ʻekolu, ka hanauna, uaʻikeʻia e kekahi mau mea hana'ē aʻe no ka paleʻana i nā mea hōʻailona alpha-adrenergic. ʻO ka papa inoa o nā beta-blockers hou:
- carvedilol (Acridilol, Vedicardol, Carvedigamma, Rekardium, a pēlā aku);
- ʻo Celiprolol (Tselipres);
- Bucindolol.
No ka ho'ākākaʻana i ka papa inoa o nā beta-blockers me ka tachycardia, pono eʻikeʻo ia i loko o kēia hihia,ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa e kōkua ana e hōʻemi i ka noʻonoʻo naʻau,
Nā kuhiakau i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā beta-blockers
ʻO nā kumu kū'ē nui no kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau:
- maʻi hānai;
- ke kewaheia haʻahaʻa;
- ka maʻi o ka'īlio kino;
- nāʻano pilikino o nā aniani liʻiliʻi;
- koala;
- ka hōʻeha hauhaʻi ;
- ka'āpana o ka lua aʻekolu paha.