ʻO ka makuahine nui

ʻO ka makuahine no nā keiki nui kekahi o nā hana e mālama ai i nā keikiʻole - ka hikiʻole ke loaʻa nā keiki a me ka hikiʻole ke hoʻomau i kā lākouʻano. No ke kōkuaʻana i kahi makua kūlana hele i kahi o ka puka o ka'ōpū a iʻole kona hoʻololiʻana, me nā maʻi kūlohelohe o ka wahine hānau keiki, me nā ho'āʻo nuiʻole e hāpai.

Ua hiki ke loaʻa ka makuahine i ke kūpono ma muli o keʻano o ka fertilization fertilization (IVF). ʻO ke kumu o ka māhele IVF no ka loaʻaʻana o nā hua wahine mai nā ovaries me ka hoʻohui houʻana i ka spermatozoa o ke kāne. Hoʻokumuʻia nā huapili i loaʻa ma kahiʻano kūikawā i loko o ke kapuahi, a laila ua hoʻololiʻia kēia mau embryos i ka pūpū o ka makua hānau. Ua hāpai kahi makuahine i hānau a hānau i ke keiki e like me ka wā maʻamau.

ʻO ka papa hana makuahine

I kēia lā, ua holomua ka holomua o kaʻoihana olakino o ka papa hana makuahine, a ua hanaʻia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe loa me ke kōkua o nāʻenehana hou hou. ʻO ka māhele kānāwai o kēia polokalamu ma nā māhele he nuiʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho ponoʻia.

ʻO nā kānāwai kānāwai o ke kūlana makuahine ma ka honua nei

Ma nā māhele he nui o ka honua makuaʻole,ʻaʻohe mea i pāpāʻia. Ma ka'āina o Austria, Kelemānia, Norway, Sweden, Palani a ma kekahi mau'ōlelo hānai no ka hānaiʻana me ka kōkuaʻana i ke kūlana makuahine, ua manaʻoʻia he kānāwaiʻole. Ma Pelegele, Gelika, Ireland a me Finland, kūʻole ke kānāwai i ka maʻi makuaʻole me ke kōkua o ka makuahine makuahine, akā ua hoʻohanaʻia. I ka hapanui o nā moku'āinaʻoʻAmelika,'Akelika Hema, Russia, Ukraine, a me Georgia,ʻaʻaʻia ka hoʻohanaʻana o nā mākua i kālepa ma kahiʻoihanaʻoihana. Inā makemake ka makua kūlana kiʻekiʻe e kōkua i ke kaʻawale,ʻaʻole kū'ē kēia i ke kānāwai.

ʻO nā mākua hānai

Pono pono ka makuahine kūlana e hālāwai i kekahi mau koi no ka hoʻohanaʻana i kāna mau lawelawe. ʻO nā koi kūikawā no nā moho penei:

1. ʻO ka makahiki mai 18-35 makahiki.
2. Ke kūlana o hoʻokahi aʻoi aku mau keiki pono'ī.
3. ʻO ke ola kino a me ke kino.
4. Ka nele i nā hanaʻino.
5. Ka halaʻole o ka hewa i hala a iʻole ka hōhewaʻia paha.

Wahi a ka papa hana makuahine, no ka hoʻonohonohoʻana i nā makua ma luna o ke kikowaena o ka Hale Kuhi Makuahana, he pono keʻae i kēia mau ho'āʻo:

• ka hoʻouna 'ana i kahi kānana no ka hoʻoholo' ana i ke koko a me ka helu Rh;
• he nīnau me ka mea hoʻoponopono a me kahi hōʻike no ka nohona olakino a me ka heleʻole o nā hōʻai'ē;
• ka ninaninau a me ka hopena o ke kauka psychiatrist a he mea akamai i ka moolelo;
• ECG;
• kaʻikepili;
• nā hōʻoloʻo lāʻau a me nā lāʻau hoʻowalewale o ke kino;
• he ho'āʻo koko no ka hanaʻana;
• ke hōʻoiaʻana i nā toto no nā syphilis,ʻo ka maʻi AIDS,ʻo ka maʻi hepa B a me C.

Hiki i ka luna hana makuahine ke hāʻawi i ka mea kūʻai i ka manawa e koho ai i kahi makua hānau mai ka waihonaʻikepili o ka kiʻi, e nānā i nā manaʻo o kēlā me kēia.

ʻO kaʻaelike makuahine hōʻailona

Pono ka papa hana makuahine ma ka palapala a hoʻopaʻaʻia e ka notary. Hoʻopauʻia ka hoʻopauʻana o kaʻaelike no ka makuahine pani, inā hana ka makua kāne o nā mākua i nā rula o keʻano o ke haliʻana i ke keiki.

ʻO ka pilikia o ka makuahine me kaʻikeʻole i kahakahaʻia e kaʻaelike. Pono ka papa hana kūpono e hāʻawi i ka palekana piha no nāʻaoʻaoʻelua, no ka mea, aia kekahi mau hihia i ka wā e hānau ai ka makuahine ma hope o ka hānauʻana i ke keiki, hōʻoleʻo ia e hāʻawi i nā mākua ola. Ma ka Russian Federation, he kuleana kūpono ko ka makua kāne kūlana e hana pēlā, a ma kēiaʻano,ʻaʻole e ukuʻia nā mākua ola no ka pōʻino a me nā koina. I mea e loaʻa ai i nā mākua ola ke keiki, pono i ka makuahine ke kākau i ka hōʻole a ke keiki, a pono e mālama nā mākua iā ia. Ma Ukraine a me Belarus, uaʻikeʻia nā mākua kūlohelohe i nā makua kānāwai o ke keiki, aʻaʻole iʻikeʻia ka makua kūlana i nā palapala.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia o ke kūlana makuahine e pili ana i ka hōʻailona o ka makuahine makuaʻole o nā mākua ola, aia nā hihia i ka wā i'ōlelo mua ai ka makuahine e inu a inu paha i ka waiʻona ināʻaʻoleʻo ia i loaʻa ke kālā kūpono. Eia nō hoʻi kekahi mau hemahema o nā mākua olaʻole mai ka hānau hānau a me nā mea'ē aʻe he nui.

Hiki ke noi 'ia kekahi hiʻohiʻona o ka' aelike makuahine no ka notary, a hiki iā 'oe ke hana i kekahi' aelike, e noʻonoʻo i nā pono o kēlā me kēia kanaka.

I ko mākou manawa, ua nui ka noiʻana no ke kūlana makuahine. Ma muli o ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa no nā lawelawe makuahine ma Ukraine a me Rusia, hele mai nā malihini i kā mākou, a koho mālie i nā makuahine ma nā wahi makuahine. Wahi a nāʻike i loaʻa ma nā kikowaena o ke kūlana makuahine,ʻo ka koi nui loaʻana o nā haole, heʻulaʻula maoli, hana nui a ulu nui, aʻo nā kānaka'āina ke koho i kahi makua e like me kekahi o nā mākua ola.