ʻO ka momona o Holstein - nāʻano kiko'ī, nā mea kūponoʻole a me nā mea nui o ka pua

ʻO ka momona momonaʻo Holstein no ka hoʻoikaikaʻana o nā mea hoʻoikaika i hiki ke lawe i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe ma ka honua nei ma nā mea nui loa -ʻo ka momona o ka momona, nā mea pilikino a me ka waiū nui. ʻO kēia mau holoholona maikaʻi me ka mālama pono e hiki iā lākou ke lawe mai i kahi waiwai kūpono a me ka waiwai o ka home.

ʻO Holstein pua puaa -ʻano

ʻO nā kūpuna o ka Holstein kaulana loa he mau bipiʻeleʻele aʻeleʻele mai Holland, Pelekania, Kelemānia. Ua lawe aku nā poʻe kūkaʻi iā lākou i ka USA a i ka manawa kūpono, mahalo i ka hana maikaʻi kūpono, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka uluʻana o nā holoholona. He kūlana maikaʻi loa nāʻano hanaunaʻo Holstein. He kaulana ia no ka hanaʻana i ka waiū me ka waiwai palekana i nā keiki'ōpio, no laila e hoʻohanaʻia no ka hana holoholona.

ʻO Kau Holstein pua - wehewehe

Ma waho, nā bipi momona o Holstein puaʻa likeʻole i nā holoholona'ē aʻe, hiki i kahi mea lapaʻau me kaʻike ke maʻalahi i kaʻikeʻana i loko o kahi puaʻa nui. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o kēia mau holoholona - me nā momona kiʻekiʻe loa,ʻaʻole lākou e emi iho i ka momona o ka waiū a me nā mea protein. Eia kekahi'apena pokole o nā momona momona Holstein:

1. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo o keʻano.
2. He laulā a lōʻihi nā poʻohiwi.
3. Ka nui nui.
4. ʻO ka lahilahi o ka umauma a hiki i ka 64 knm.
5. He ākea ka loin.
6. ʻO ka umauma o nā kau bipi Holstein hohonu (e hiki i ka 86 knm).
7. He lōʻihi nā lelo.
8. Hoʻopiʻi nuiʻia nā māmā ma ka mea.
9. Hiki ke kaumaha o ka bipi wahineʻeleʻele 700 kg.
10. ʻO nā bipi golshtinskih pāʻani - e pili ana i 900 kg.
11. ʻO ke kaumaha o ka bipi keiki he 38-45 kilokani.
12. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā bipi i ka poʻe maloʻo he 160 knm.
13. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o nā bipi i ka wā i maloʻo ka 140-150 cm.

Huiʻo Holstein

ʻO nā luna o kēia lālā he nui kaʻeleʻele a me ka motalie, pono paʻa kēia hiʻohiʻona i ka hānauʻana a me nā keiki bipi'ē aʻe i hōʻoleʻia. ʻO ka lakene o nā kikoʻeleʻele a me ke keʻokeʻo e hiki ke loli iki. I ka manawa pinepine he mau bipi e aneaneʻeleʻele me nā wahi'ālohilohi ma ka hiʻu a me nā wāwae. Hiki i ka bipi Holstein keʻeleʻele a me keʻokeʻo ke lawe mai i nā keiki ulaʻula a me keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻole iʻaeʻia kēlā poʻe e hana kope houʻia, akā mai ka makahiki 1970 mai lākou i waeʻia ai e kiʻi i kahi lāhui kūikawā.

Ehia ka waiu a Holstein e hāʻawi ai?

Ma muli o keʻano o ka mauna hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā, hiki ke hoʻololi ikiʻia ka waiū o ka waiū o ka bipi Holstein, aʻo ka loiloi a me ka maikaʻi o ka mālamaʻana e hoʻoikaika i kēiaʻano. Ma kekahiʻano, pili ka huahua i ka paʻi. Eia kekahi laʻana, hāʻawi nā mea ulaʻula a me nā mīkini i ka waiū me ka momona momona maikaʻi loa o 3.95%, akā, i ka nui o ka nui a lākou i waiho ai ma hope o nāʻeleʻele a me nā motley kau i ka hapalua. Hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻohālikelike i nā hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe loa i loaʻa i nā mea mahi ma Israel,ʻAmelika a me Lūkia:

1. I loko o kaʻIseraʻela, hiki i ka waiū kai makahiki ke piʻi aku i 10,000 kg ma kahi momona o ka 3.1% a me ka protein i 3%.
2. Ma ka US, hoʻonuiʻia ka waiū makahiki i 9000 kilokani, momona 3.6%, momona 3.2%.
3. Ma Rūsia, i loko o 7,500 kilomeko ka waiū waiū me ka momona o 3.8%.

Hollow breeds - bipiʻai bipi

ʻO kaʻaiʻana o ka bipi keiki bipi i ka hopena o ka nui o nā mākua. I ka nīnau pehea e hānai pono ai i nā keiki bipi Holstein, pono e penaʻia nā mea a pau mai ka hola mua o ka nohoʻana:

1. ʻAʻole i'ōleloʻia e hoʻopaneʻe i ka hana o kaʻai mua.
2. Ināʻikeʻia he koko i loko o ka colostrum ,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hāʻawiʻana i ka pēpē i huahana i ka 39 ° C mai kahi bipi'ē aʻe.
3. ʻO ka nui o ka colostrum he 2.5 i ka helu, akā,ʻaʻole iʻoi aku ma mua o 5% o ka nui.
4. ʻO ka lā mua o kahi hānai'ē aʻeʻaʻole i mōhaiʻia ka bipi.
5. Hoʻohuiʻiaʻo Colostrum iʻekolu manawa i ka lā.
6. He mea pono e hoʻohana i ka ipu kīʻaha i ka manawa e hānai ai.
7. I ka pihaʻana o 15 mau lā he nui ka nui o colostrum a hiki i 8 lita.
8. I ke 2 o nā makahiki, ua hoʻohuliʻia nā bipi i nā pūʻulu pūʻulu a hāʻawi i ka waiū nui.
9. Hāʻawiʻo Hay i nā keiki mai ka hebedoma mua o ka nohoʻana.
10. ʻO ka maʻamau o ka hay e pili ana i ka makahiki, nā keiki bipi he 3 mau mahina i hāʻawi i ka 1.4 kg, a me nā keiki bipi 6-3 kg.
11. Mai ka lā 4, ua hoʻokomoʻia nā hiʻona i ka meaʻai.
12. ʻO ka mea maʻamau no 3 mau mahina he 1.6-2 kg.
13. Hāʻawiʻia nā kau o Holstein i nā keiki ke hiki lākou i ka makahiki o hoʻokahi mahina.
14. Hoʻomaopopoʻiaʻo Silage a me nā haylings o nā keiki bipi i nā mahinaʻelua.

ʻO ka momona o nā gobies o Holstein pua no ka meaʻai

I ka US, hoʻohanaʻia ka pua holoholona Holstein no ka hanaʻana i ka pipi maikaʻi loa. Ma ke Komohana, ua ulu nā pūbakena o nā lunaʻeke ma ka hānaiʻana i nā meaʻai me kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā mea ike pūʻokoʻa a me ka mea liʻiliʻi o nā meaʻai nui. Me kēiaʻano, ua hōʻoiaʻiʻoʻia nā kau bipi a Holstein e hana pono ai a hoʻokō i nā kūpono i makemakeʻia e ka manawa i'ōleloʻia.

Nā kūlana o nā bipi keiki bipi no nā mea momona Holstein:

1. Hoʻokumuʻia ka waiū i ka waiū me ka momona o 20%.
2. ʻO ka lā 45-60 mua - ka waiū a waiu paha.
3. I loko o ka wā'āhiu, hoʻokupuʻia nā keiki i kahi mea kanu palaoa.
4. Hoʻomākaukauʻia nā'ōpiopio no nā keiki bipi Holstein pua momona i loko oʻelua pule.
5. Loaʻa ka piʻiʻana o ka hōʻailona mai ka 0.5kg a i ka 0.750 kg.
6. ʻO ka likeʻana o ka papa hana o nā'ōnaehana maloʻo - 33%ʻo nā'ōleʻa a me nā protein polū a hiki i 34% ka palaoa kānana.
7. Ma kaʻewalu pule, e piʻi ka nui o ka mea hōʻiliʻili i 1.5 kg.
8. ʻO nā meaʻai i ukuhiʻia e Holstein keiki bipi keiki - 80% o ka palaoa hehi palaoa'ōpiopio, roughage - 20%.
9. ʻO ka pāʻani me ka'ōpiopio'ōpiopio o 180-340 kg he 16% i kaʻai.
10. Ma ka hopena hope, ua laweʻia ka hapaha o ka palaoa i 80% -90%.

Nā mea kūponoʻole o ka puaʻo Holstein

Manaʻo e kūʻai i nā pipi no ka hana waiū, pono pono ke nānā i nā mea momona o Holstein me nā kūlana mālama. No kaʻikeʻana i ka mālaʻai nā hiʻohiʻona kiʻekiʻe o ka waiū e hiki ai i ka hānai kūpono a me ka hoʻokomo maʻalahi no ka mālamaʻana i nā pipi. Pono eʻike i kekahi mau pōʻino o kēiaʻano:

1. ʻO Milk Golshtinskaya ka puaʻa bipi he maʻemaʻe a pale i nāʻano olaʻole.
2. He pilikia koʻikoʻi ka pilikia i ke olakino o nā holoholona.
3. Hiki ke hoʻololi i kahi noho aiʻole ka halihaliʻana i ke kūpiopioʻana i ka huahana,ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e kūʻai no ka hānaiʻana i nā keiki bipiʻuʻuku.
4. I ke anuanu, ua emi iho ka momona o nā bipi i Holstein.
5. I ka wā hoʻoilo, makemake ka mea eʻai i ka mea kiʻekiʻe.