ʻO Penicillins kekahi hui o nā lāʻau'alopelo i hanaʻia e nāʻano moa o ka genus Penicillium. Ke hana nei lākou i ka hana bactericidal ma Gram-positive, a me kekahi mau microorganu'āhewaʻole. ʻO nā lāʻau'apikopiko o ka hui penicillin,ʻaʻole i loko o nā pūnoa maoli wale nō, akā,ʻo nā mea'ē aʻe kekahi.
Nā Āhua:
- ʻO kahi nui o nā mea pono.
- Nā hopena pōʻino i ke kino.
- Ka nui o nā hana.
- ʻO ka maʻi palekana i nāʻano penicillins'ē aʻe.
- Hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ka hoʻopiliʻana i ke kino.
- ʻO ke komo ponoʻana i loko o nā'ōpala, ke kino o ka kino.
- Hoʻonuiʻia ka holomua no ke kūlana maikaʻi.
- ʻO ka hele kokeʻana mai ke kino.
Ka Manawaena
ʻO nā lāʻau'apikopiko o ka hui penicillin, no ko lākou mea liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi,ʻo ia ka hoʻomākaukauʻana o ka mea pāʻani maikaʻi loa. ʻO nā hopena hopenaʻehā wale nō ke loaʻa inā loaʻa ka maʻi liʻiliʻi a iʻole ka maʻi pilikino i ka penicillin. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, uaʻikeʻia kēia mau hana i kahi nui o nā kānaka (hiki i ka 10%) a hoʻolaha i nā lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō, akā, i nā huahana'ē aʻe a pau i loko o ka lāʻauʻae. ʻO ka mea maʻi i ka penicillin ka mea hiki ke komo i ke kino o kekahi,ʻo ka mea liʻiliʻi loa o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. No laila, me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana a me nā mea hōʻahoʻia e pono ai e koho i nā lāʻau'alopelo me ka penicillin a me nā analoguesʻole o penicillin o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
Puka puka
Loaʻa nā'ōmu penicillic pīpī peni i loko o nā papa:
- Penicillin-ekormoline mau papa no ka resorption.
- Nā pāʻani penicillin-ekormoline no ka hoʻoponopono waha.
- Nā pāpale penicillin me ka citate sodium.
Hoʻohanaʻia ka mākaukau no ka hoʻomākaukauʻana i nā hopena a me nā haʻina.
Hōʻuluʻulu
ʻO nā lāʻau'aloʻolo o ka penicillin pūʻulu e like me kēia mauʻano:
- Loaʻa nā penicillins o ke kino - mai ka'ōpuni kahi i ulu ai nā haropi penicillin.
- Nā penicillian biosynthetic - ua loaʻa ma o ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana.
- Nā penisillic Semisynthetic - ua loaʻa ma muli o ka waiuma i hoʻokaʻawaleʻia mai nā penicillins maoli (nā lāʻau'alopelo e pili ana i ka penicillin).
Nā wahi e pili ana:
ʻO ka penisiline antibiotic heʻano nui loa ia o ka hana a he hopena kūlohelohe ma luna o ka maʻi bacteria i hoʻomaka ai ke kumu o ka maʻi:
- nā maʻi o ka'ōmahe hoʻomaha a me lalo iho;
- nā maʻi o ka'ōpūʻokoʻa;
- ka maʻi maʻamau;
- nā maʻi venereal;
- nā kaʻina ophthalmologic.
Nā hopenaʻaoʻao
Ma keʻano o ka palekana maikaʻi, hiki i nā lāʻau'alopelo mai ka penicillin pūʻulu ke loaʻa nā hopena o ka hopena ma hope o ke kino:
1. nā haʻakena a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻeʻana:
- nā kāpena;
- kaʻili o kaʻili;
- ka pihiʻana o nā membpa mucous;
- ka hōʻeha o ka'ōnaehana'ōpiopio;
- maʻi;
- ka spasm of bronchi;
- ana i ka hanu anaphylactic;
- anama o ka lolo;
- arthralgia.
2. ka hanaʻino:
- nausea;
- ka wele;
- kauā;
- glossitis;
- necrosis o nāʻiʻo;
- nā koho o ka waha waha a me nā hiʻohiʻona;
- ka uluʻana o ka superfectionfection;
- nā dysbiosis;
- ka thrombophlebitis.
3. ka ho'āʻo maʻamau:
- haohao;
- nā hoʻomaha;
- delirium;
- ka pāpā 'ana i ke kaʻina o ke koko.
4. Nā hanana kūpono:
- ka hoʻopiliʻana i kahi kaiaulu;
- nā pilikia o ka'ōpiopio (One and Nicolau syndromes).
Aia a hiki i kēia manawa,ʻo ka hoʻomaluʻana me ka penicillin kekahi o nā mea pono loa e kū'ē i nā maʻiʻeha. Akā naʻe, pono e hoʻokōʻia e ke kauka e like me keʻano o nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona hemahema.