Hiki i ka māla waina ke hoʻopili i kahi 500 mau bacteria, fungal, mycoplasmoses, viral a me nā maʻi'ē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ulu pinepine ka mea kanu ma muli o ka nele aʻoiʻole o ka meaʻai ma ka lepo a me nā kūlana kūponoʻole.
ʻO nā maʻi o ka hua waina a me kā lākou mālamaʻana
ʻO nā maʻi nui o nā hua waina he meli, keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, oidium, ka hina hina, ka'ōmole pepa e ulu ana, ka maʻi maʻi bacteri, nā necrosis kūkā, anthracnose, ka hua waina a me phylloxera.
ʻO ka maʻiʻino loa o nā hua waina he mildew (ka lepo milimili). Pili ka hopena o ka nahele. ʻO ka wā kūikawā mai ka hoʻomakaʻana o ka uluʻana o ka hua waina i nā hua i ka nui o ka pea. E hoʻomaka i ka'ōlaʻi ma mua o ka huaʻana o nā hua waina, a laila ma hope o ka uluʻana me ka lōʻihi o 8 a 21 mau lā, no ka manawa wale nō mai 3 a 8 manawa.
Hoʻomaʻi maikaʻiʻia ka hanaʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi. Efal, Mikal, Mitsu, Strobi.
Oidium - ka paukū lūlū, ka uhi keʻokeʻo. Ke hoʻopōʻino i nā ponoʻole, nā hua a me nā lau e hoʻomaloʻo a hāʻule, a ma luna o nā lau eʻike i nā wahiʻeleʻele. ʻO kahi hōʻailona ka hiʻona o ka iʻa'ōwili. ʻO ka uluʻana o ka maʻi i ka hopena wela a me ka maloʻo, ka wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea nui e kū'ē i nā maʻi o ka hua waina kohuʻana i ka lepo a me nā mea ulu lāʻau ma mua o ka uluʻana.
Me ka'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo, hoʻolimalima ka mea nāna e hoʻonā i ka maʻi i ka hoʻoilo ma nā hua'ōpala a me nā mea kanu. Me ka hua hua o ka hua a me ka ulu lāʻau hoʻomaka i kaʻinoʻino i nā hua a me nā lau o ka māla waina. Eia kekahi, ke ulu nei ka'ōmaʻomaʻo keʻokeʻo i loko o nā'āpana momona. Māiʻa nā hua, nāʻona i'ōleʻa, ua nalo ka wai, ua uhi nā hua i nā wahi keʻokeʻoʻeleʻele a maloʻo. I ka wā maʻamau, hiki i ka 50-70% o ka huaʻai ua nalowale.
Ka palekanaʻana i ka hua waina mai nā maʻi
ʻO ka hoʻomalu nui o nā hua waina ka hanaʻana i nā kūlana maikaʻi no ka hoʻomālamalamaʻana a me ka hoʻouluʻana i nā hua waina, i loaʻa i ka hoʻolālā kūpono, ke kuʻiʻana mai ke kumu waina, ka lukuʻana i nā nāhelehele, ka holoi ponoʻana o nā hua maʻi a me nā hua waina.
ʻO ka mālamaʻana i nā huawaina mai nā maʻi,ʻo ia hoʻi, ka pulupuluʻana, ke hanaʻia i ka manawa e like ai nā hua me ka nui o ka pea. Inā
ʻO ka maʻi o nā māla waina ke kumuʻia e nā maʻi maʻi o nā maʻi a me nā'ōpala parasitic. ʻO kēia nā butterflies, nāʻoki a me nā anuhe, nā mea eʻai ana i ka lāʻau a me ka wai o ka waina. I ka hakakāʻana iā lākou,ʻo kaʻoi loa o ka puhiʻana o nā kumu waina ma hope o ke kālaiʻana.
ʻO nā hua waina i nā maʻi
I ko mākou manawa, ua hoʻokomoʻia nāʻano hou likeʻole e kū'ē i nā meaʻino'ē aʻe. ʻO kēia, he laʻana, Golden Steady, Dniester Pink, Buffalo, Pineapple, Chasla Northern, Vierul, Nistru, Saperavi North, Purple Early, Advanced, Bashkan Red, Liang, Moldavian Color.