ʻO nā maʻiʻeha kekahi mau maʻi likeʻole. Wahi a nāʻikepili, i kēlā me kēia makahiki, loaʻa nā maʻi maʻi i kēlā me kēia kanaka. ʻO ke kumu o kēia hoʻomauʻiaʻana o kēia mau maʻi e waiho nei i loko o kā lākou mau laulā, ka pilikino kiʻekiʻe a me ke kū'ēʻana i nāʻano o waho.
Ka hoʻolahaʻana i nā maʻi
ʻO ka hoʻohuiʻiaʻana o nā maʻi maʻi e like me keʻano o ka hoʻounaʻana o ka maʻi i hālahalaha: airborne, fecal-oral, home, transmissible, contact, transplacental. Hiki ke pili i kekahi o nā maʻi i nā hui likeʻole i ka manawa hoʻokahi, no ka hiki iā lākou ke hoʻounaʻia ma nāʻano likeʻole. Ma kahi o ka localization, ua māheleʻia nā maʻiʻeha i 4 mau hui:
- Nā maʻi o nā maʻi pupule, kahi e noho ai ka pathogen a hoʻonui i ka'ōpū. ʻO nā maʻi o kēia hui,ʻo: salmonellosis, diavaid fever, dysentery, cholera, botulism.
- ʻO nā maʻi o ka'ōpū hanu, kahi e hoʻopiliʻia ai ka membrane mucous o ka nasopharynx, ka trachea, ka bronchi a me nā mumū. ʻO kēia ka pūʻulu maʻamau o nā maʻi pīpī, kahi e hoʻonāʻia ai nā maʻi o kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO kēia hui pū: ARVI, nāʻano likeʻole o ka diana, diphtheria, pox chicken, angina.
- ʻO nā maʻiʻeleʻele i laweʻia ma o ka paʻana. ʻO kēia mau mea: rabies, tetanus, anthrax, erysipelas.
- ʻO nā maʻi o ke koko, i hoʻounaʻia e nā'ōpala a ma o ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Noho ka mea hoʻopuka i ka lymph a me ke koko. ʻO nā maʻi o ke koko nā maʻi: typhus, pākē, he maʻi B, encephalitis.
Nāʻano o nā maʻi maʻi
ʻO nā maʻi maʻi he mauʻano likeʻole. Ma nā maʻiʻeha likeʻole,ʻikeʻia kēia mau hiʻohiʻona ma nāʻano likeʻole. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki ke piʻi i ka 90% o ka loli o ka pox chicken, a ua hoʻokumuʻia ka'elemaika no ke ola,ʻoiaiʻo ka maʻiʻeha o ARVI he 20% a hiki i ka manawa āpau. ʻO ka mea maʻamau no nā maʻi pīpī a pau he mauʻano likeʻole:
- ʻO ka maʻi, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i nā maʻi a me nā maʻi pilikino.
- ʻO ke kaʻina o ka hopena o ke maʻi: ka manawa hoʻopiʻi, keʻano o ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i ka maʻi, ka wā lōʻihi, ka hoʻokuʻuʻana i ka maʻi, ka ho'ōla houʻana.
- ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau e like me ka fila, nā malaise nui, nāʻeleʻele, ka maʻi heʻe.
- ʻO ke aʻoʻana i ka palekana palekana e pili ana i ka maʻi.
Nā kumu o nā maʻi maʻi
ʻO ke kumu nui o nā maʻi pīpī ka maʻi: nā huakō, nā bacteria, nā prisons a me nā haʻiki, akā, i nā hihia a pau,ʻo ka hoʻokomoʻana o kahi mea maʻi e alakaʻi i ka uluʻana o ka maʻi. Ma kēia hihia, e pili ana nāʻano likeʻole:
- ʻO nā maʻi pīpī e pilikino;
- ehia mau luina i komo iloko o ke kino;
- he aha ka hopena o ka poʻe microbe;
- he aha keʻano o ka nohoʻana o ke kino a me ka moku'āina o ka pūnaewele hoʻopaʻa kino kanaka.
Nā pō o nā maʻi maʻi
Mai ka manawa e komo ai ka pilikino i loko o ke kino a hiki i ka hoʻopau pihaʻana i kekahi manawa. I loko o kēia wā, hele kekahi kanaka i kēlā mau lā o ka maʻiʻeha:
- ʻO ka wā hoʻopunipuni ka manawa ma waena o ka hoʻokomoʻana o kahi mea hoʻopōʻino i loko o ke kino a me ka hoʻomakaʻana o kāna hana. Hoʻopukaʻia kēia wā mai nā hola i kekahi mau makahiki, akā he mau lā he 2-3 mau lā.
- Hōʻikeʻia ka manawa kūpikipiki e keʻano o nā hiʻohiʻona a me ka hoʻolālāʻana i ke kiʻi hōʻike.
- ʻO ka wā o ka uluʻana o ka maʻi , kahi e hoʻonui ai ka hōʻailona o ka maʻi.
- Ke kau wela , kahi i hōʻikeʻia ai ka hōʻailona e like me ka hiki.
- ʻO ka wā o ka anaiʻia - hōʻemiʻia nā hōʻailona, hoʻonuiʻia keʻano.
- ʻO Exodus. ʻO ka manawa he ola hou - ka pauʻana o nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi. Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hopena: ka hoʻololiʻana i kahiʻano maʻamau, ka make, hoʻi hou.
Ka hoʻolahaʻana i nā maʻi
Hoʻokuʻuʻia nā maʻi maʻi i nāʻano likeʻole:
- ʻO kaʻaeʻana o ke ea - i ka wā e hoʻoulu ai i ka wāwae, i ka wā e hoʻomoʻiʻia ai nā meaʻeleʻele o ka palapi e kahi kanaka ola. I kēiaʻano, aia ka hoʻolaha nui o nā maʻiʻeha o ka poʻe.
- Hoʻokomoʻia nā kinakoki - nā huapiʻona ma o nā mea i kāwiliʻia, nā lima lepo.
- Kauhana - ka laweʻiaʻana o ka maʻi i loaʻa i nā mea hale, nā kīʻaha, nāʻaʻahu, nā lole, nā lole moe.
- ʻO ka mea iʻikeʻia o ka maʻi he'āpala.
- Hoʻokaʻaʻike - ke kauʻana o ka maʻi ma muli o ka pilina e pili ana me ka maʻi koko.
- ʻO ka transccental -ʻo ka makua maʻi i lawe i ka maʻi i ka pēpē ma ka utero.
Ka hōʻoiaʻana i nā maʻi
Ma muli o ka nui a me ka nui o nā maʻi maʻi, pono nā kauka e hoʻokomo i kahi pilikino o nā hōʻailona a me nā hana hana i nā hale e hana ai i ka hōʻoia pololei. Ma ke kaʻina mua o ka hōʻailona, kahi hana nui e hoʻokaniʻia e ka hōʻiliʻili o ka hananesis: ka moʻolelo o nā maʻi i hala aku nei a me kēia, nāʻano o ke ola a me ka hana. Ma hope o ka hoʻokolokoloʻana, e hana ana i ka mea hana me ka hoʻonohonohoʻana i ka wehewehe mua, ua kauka ke kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua. Ma muli o ka hōʻailona e manaʻoʻia ana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ho'āʻoʻana i ke koko, nā hopena pūnaewele a me nā ho'āʻoʻili.
Nā maʻi maʻi - List
ʻO nā maʻi maʻi ke poʻo o nā maʻi. ʻO nā mea hōʻeha o kēia hui o nā maʻi o nā virukū likeʻole, bacteria, haʻani, prisons a me nā pāʻani. ʻO nā maʻi o nā maʻi nui he mau maʻi i loaʻa i ka maʻi pipili. ʻO nā mea maʻamau,ʻo ia nā maʻi pīpī:
- nā maʻi o ka'ōmahe hauʻoli haʻahaʻa;
- nā maʻi kino;
- ʻO ARVI;
- ʻO HIV;
- ke kīpoko;
- he pīpī B;
- pīkoʻi ;
- 'Alia;
- toxoplasmosis;
- salmonellosis.
Nā maʻi kino o ke kanaka - ka papa inoa
Hoʻokuʻuʻia nā maʻi kino ma o nā holoholona i hoʻopilikiaʻia, ke kanaka maʻi, nā mea i poke i nā meaʻai, nā mea a me ka wai. Ua māheleʻia lākou iʻekolu mauʻano:
- Nā maʻi i waena. Kahi maʻamau i ke kauwela. Hanaʻia e nā bacteria o keʻano Salmonella, Shigella, E. coli. ʻO nā maʻi i waena o ka maʻi: diaphoid fever, paratyphoid, food toxicoinfection, dysentery, escherichiosis, campylobacteriosis.
- Nā maʻiʻeha o ka maʻi'ōpiopio. Hoʻokomoʻia lākou i loko o nā'ōpū hanu a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā maʻi viral: FLU a me ARVI. ʻO nā maʻiʻeha o kaʻeha hauhaʻi: Angina, tonsillitis, sinusitis, tracheitis, epiglottitis, ka niuʻona.
- Nā maʻi o ka pilina o waho e hoʻokomoʻia e streptococci a staphylococci. Hiki ke loaʻa ke maʻi ma muli o ke kumu o ka maʻiʻino i kaʻili mai waho a iʻole no ka hakiʻana i ke koena o ka maʻi kino. ʻO nā maʻi o kēia pūʻulu he: impetigo, nā kalaka, nā huluhulu, nā erysipelas.
Nā maʻi maʻi - ka papa inoa
ʻO nā maʻi viral kanaka e nui loa i nā maʻi a hoʻopihaʻia. ʻO ke kumu o ka maʻi he huakino i laweʻia mai kahi maʻi a holoholona paha. Hoʻopili kokeʻia nā mea maʻi maʻi a hiki i nā kānaka ma kekahi āpau nui, e alakaʻi ana i nā maʻi a me nā maʻi pīpī. Hōʻike lākou iā lākou iho i ka wā o ke kauwela, e pili ana i nā mea a me nā mea hoʻonāwaliwali o nā kānaka. ʻO nā maʻi maʻamauʻumi heʻumi:
- ʻO ARVI;
- pīhoihoi ;
- hōʻiliʻili;
- chickenpox;
- he maʻi maʻi pīpia;
- nā maʻi cytomegalovirus ;
- herpes simplex;
- ka mononucleosis;
- kāpili;
- pneumonia viral .
Nā maʻi Fungal
Hiki ke halihaliʻia nā maʻiʻeha o ka ili ma o ka pilina kūikawā a ma o nā mea i hoʻopiliʻia a me nā lole. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻiʻeha ka loaʻa o nā hōʻailona likeʻole, no laila, pono eʻike i kahi hōʻailona o ka hoʻoponoponoʻili i ka hōʻailona. ʻO nā maʻi'āpau maʻamau o kēia mau mea:
- 'Alia;
- keratomycosis: lichen a me trichosporia;
- dermatomycosis: mycosis, mea maikaʻi;
- pyoderma : furunculosis, ulcers;
- hele i waho: papilloma a me nā maʻi.
Nā maʻi protozoal
ʻO nā maʻi protozoal nā maʻi i hanaʻia e nā protozoa parasitic. Ma waena o nā maʻi protozoal he maʻamau: amoebiasis, giardiasis, toxoplasmosis and malaria. ʻO nā mea lawe i ka maʻi o nā holoholona holoholona, nā holoholona, nā mikila mahela, nā nalo o ka'Ālika. ʻO nā hōʻailona o kēia mau maʻi e like me ka'ōpū a me nā maʻi viral nui, akā i kekahi mau maʻi, hiki i ka maʻi ke hele me kaʻole o nā hōʻailona. No ka ho'ākākaʻana i ka hōʻailona, kahiʻike wela o ka feces, ka pono o ke koko a iʻole ka mimi.
ʻO ka maʻi Prion
Ma waena o nā maʻi pīpī, kekahi o nā maʻi. Pākē, pilikino me kahi hoʻololi i hoʻololiʻia, komo i ke kino me nā mea i hoʻopōʻinoʻoleʻia, ma o nā lima lepoʻole, nā mea hana lāʻau kinoʻole, wai wai i hoʻopiliʻia i loko o nā loko. ʻO nā maʻi pipiʻi o Prion o nā kānaka he mau maʻi kūponoʻole ka mea e hāʻawiʻole iā lākou iho i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO kēia mau mea he: maʻi maʻi Creutzfeldt-Jakob, kuru,ʻohana maʻi maʻi, Gerstman-Straussler-Sheinker maʻi. ʻO nā maʻi o Prion ka hopena i ka'ōpiopio o ka pūnaewele a me ka lolo, e hiki ai i ka dementia.
ʻO nā maʻiʻino loa
ʻO nā maʻiʻehaʻeha nui loa ka maʻi e hiki ai ke ola hou he hapa o ka pakeneka. ʻO nā maʻiʻelima keu loa e komo pū ana:
- ʻO ka maʻi Kreutzfeldt-Jakob, aiʻole ka encephalopathy spongiform. ʻO kēia maʻi prion maʻiʻole e laweʻia mai ka holoholona i ke kanaka, alakaʻi ia i ka pōʻino o ka lolo a me ka make.
- ʻO ka maʻi. ʻAʻole i make ka maʻi kūponoʻole o ke olakinoʻole a hiki i ka wā hou - AIDS .
- Kū'ē. ʻO ke olaʻana o ka maʻi i hiki i ke āʻauʻana, a hiki i ka manawa iʻikeʻia ai nā hōʻailona o ka hapa . ʻO keʻano o nā hōʻailona ke hōʻike nei i kahi make kokoke.
- ʻO ka maʻi heemorrhagic. ʻO kēia ke komoʻana i kahi hui o nā maʻi welaʻula, kahi iʻikeʻia aʻikeʻoleʻia.
- ʻO ke maʻi. ʻO kēia maʻi, ka mea i hoʻohana muaʻia i nā'āina a pau, i kēia manawa heʻole a hiki ke mālamaʻia me nā lāʻau'alope. ʻO kahi wale nō o nā maʻiʻino e make.
ʻO ka paleʻana i nā maʻi
ʻO ka paleʻana i nā maʻi e komo i kēlā mauʻano:
- Hoʻonui i nā pale o ke kino. ʻO kaʻoi aku o ka ikaika o ke kuʻikahi o ke kanaka,ʻo ka mea nui ka maʻi a ho'ōla wikiwiki. No ka hanaʻana i kēia, pono e alakaʻi i kahi noho ola pono, eʻai pono, e pāʻani i nā hoʻolālā, hoʻomaha mālie, e ho'āʻo i ka manaʻo. ʻO kahi maikaʻi no ka hoʻomaikaʻiʻana i kaʻokiʻana he paʻakikī.
- ʻO ke kuʻiʻana. I ka wā o nā maʻi ahulau, he hopena maikaʻi ka hāʻawiʻana i kahi o nā maʻi lapaʻau e pili ana i kahi o ke kuni. ʻO nā kuʻiʻana i kekahi mau maʻi (ʻepa, mumps, rubella, diphtheria, tetanus) kekahi i loko o ka hōʻailona hana āpau.
- Hoʻokaʻaʻike i ka pale. He mea nui e pale aku i nā kānaka i pupuhiʻia, hoʻohana i ka palekana ma muli o nā maʻi ahulau, holoi pinepine i nā lima.